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| c. 350 million years ago |
| | | Insects become the first creatures capable of living their full life span out of the water - and the first to master flight | |
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| c. 340 million years ago |
| | | Amphibians develop lungs, enabling them to live on land as well as in the water | |
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| c. 300 million years ago |
| | | Reptiles develop evolutionary advantages for adaptation to a wide range of environments | |
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| c. 250 million years ago |
| | | The entire land surface of the earth merges into a single continent, known as Pangaea, which after about 50 million years splits in two | |
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| c. 225 million years ago |
| | | The dinosaurs dominate the planet in a way that no previous creature has been able to | |
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| c. 170 million years ago |
| | | Mammals begin to make their appearance | |
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| c. 150 million years ago |
| | | Archaeopteryx has the skeletal structure of a dinosaur and the feathers of a bird, intermediate between the two species | |
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| c. 125 million years ago |
| | | Primitive birds begin to feature in the fossil record | |
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| c. 65 million years ago |
| | | In a very short space of time the dinosaurs die out, for reasons as yet uncertain | |
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| c. 65 million years ago |
| | | Mammals evolve in many new forms on land and in the water, using opportunities made possible by the extinction of the dinosaurs | |
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